Effect of copper on the growth of shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei: water parameters and copper budget in a recirculating system     

程波  刘鹰  杨红生  宋怿  李贤 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1092-1104

Shrimps( Litopenaeus vannamei) were intensively cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system for 98 days to investigate effects of 0.3 mg/L Cu on its performance, Cu budget, and Cu distribution. Shrimps in Cu-treated systems had greater mean final weight(11.10 vs 10.50 g), body length(107.23 vs 106.42 mm), survival rate(67.80% vs 66.40%), and yield(6.42 vs 5.99 kg/m 3), and lower feed conversion ratio(1.20 vs 1.29) than those in control systems but the differences were not significant. Vibrio numbers remained stable(10 4 –10 6 colony forming units/mL) in the rearing tanks of both control and treated systems. Total ammonium-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, pH, chemical oxygen demand, 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids were similar in controls and treatments. Dissolved Cu concentration in the treated systems decreased from 0.284 to 0.089 mg/L while in the control systems it increased from 0.006 2 to 0.018 mg/L. The main sources of Cu in the treated systems were the artificially added component(75.7% of total input), shrimp feed(21.0%), water(2.06%), and shrimp biomass(1.22%). The major outputs of Cu occurred via the mechanical filter(41.7%), water renewal(15.6%), and draining of the sediment trap(15.1%). The foam fractionator removed only 0.69% of total Cu input. Harvested shrimp biomass accounted for 11.68% of Cu input. The Cu concentration of shrimps in the Cu-treated systems(30.70 mg/kg wet weight) was significantly higher than that in control systems(22.02 mg/kg). Both were below the maximum permissible concentration(50 mg/kg) for Cu in seafood for human consumption in China. Therefore, recirculating systems can be used for commercial on-growing of Litopenaeus vannamei without loss of shrimp quality, even in water polluted by 0.30 mg/L Cu. The mechanical filter is the main route for Cu removal.  相似文献   

青海地区盐渍土分布规律及其独特工程特性探讨     

罗友弟 《岩土工程技术》2010,24(2):75-78,83

针对青海一些地区盐渍土当硫酸钠含量小于1%时也会产生盐胀,而超氯盐渍土却不会产生溶陷的事实,进行了较为深入细致的论证和研究。以数据、事实为依据,得出了与现行理论及规范有较大出入的论断。  相似文献   

The Kuroshio East of Taiwan and in the East China Sea and the currents East of Ryukyu Islands during early summer of 1996   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Yaochu Yuan  Arata Kaneko  Jilan Su  Xiaohua Zhu  Yonggang Liu  Noriaki Gohda  Hong Chen 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(3):217-226

Using hydrographic data and moored current meter records and the ADCP observed current data during May–June 1996, a modified inverse method is applied to calculate the Kuroshio east of Taiwan and in the East China Sea and the currents east of Ryukyu Islands. There are three branches of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan. The Kuroshio in the East China Sea comes from the main (first) and second branches of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan. The easternmost (third) branch of the Kuroshio flows northeastward to the region east of Ryukyu Islands. The net northward volume transports of the Kuroshio through Section K₂ southeast of Taiwan and Section PN in the East China Sea are 44.4×10⁶ and 27.2×10⁶ m³s⁻¹, respectively. The western boundary current east of Ryukyu Islands comes from the easternmost branch of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan and an anticyclonic recirculating gyre more east, making volume transports of 10 to 15×10⁶ m³s⁻¹. At about 21°N, 127°E southeast of Taiwan, there is a cold eddy which causes branching of the Kuroshio there.  相似文献   

Effect of hydraulic loading rate on the efficiency of effluent treatment in a recirculating puffer aquaculture system coupled with constructed wetlands   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jiabo Xu  Yonghai Shi  Genyu Zhang  Jianzhong Liu  Yazhu Zhu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(1):146-152

Constructed wetlands(CWs) were integrated into an indoor recirculating aquaculture system of obscure puffer(Takifugu obscurus) for effluent treatment. The effect of hydraulic loading rate(HLR) on the efficiency of effluent treatment by CWs was examined for over a month. The CWs were operated under brackish conditions(salinity 7.4–7.6) at 3 different HLRs(0.762, 0.633, and 0.458 m d–1) 3 times, 10 days each. Overall, the CWs exhibited high efficiency in removal of total ammonium nitrogen(by 81.03–92.81%) and nitrite nitrogen(by 99.40%–99.68%). The efficiency of CWs in removal of total ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorous, and total suspended solids(TSS) increased with the decrease of HLR. The CWs operated at the 3 HLRs in a decreasing trend proves to be effective, providing a useful method for effluent treatment in commercial puffer aquaculture systems.  相似文献   

The Eocene unconformity of the Briançonnais domain in the French—Italian Alps,revisited (Marguareis massif,Cuneo); a hint for a Late Cretaceous—Middle Eocene frontal bulge setting     

A. Michard  G. Martinotti 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(5-6):289-301

Abstract

The tectonic significance of the Eocene unconformity in the Briançonnais domain, classically regarded as recording a compressional event, is re-evaluated, based on field studies in the Marguareis massif, Maritime-Ligurian Alps. In this external, weakly metamorphic Briançonnais unit, we describe N-trending, folded paleo-normal faults. These paleofaults operated during the Late Cretaceous-Late Eocene, and control both the thickness of the Senonian-Paleocene calcschists and the distribution of the disconformable Middle Eocene-Early Priabonian formations, i.e. the channelised, resedimented Nummulitic limestones, associated with sandy turbidites, and the sandy- calcareous Lower Flysch Noir. The chaotic Upper Flysch Noir (Priabonian), which includes olistoliths from the Helminthoid Flysch nappes, disconformably overlies the Late Cretaceous-Middle/Late Eocene levels. At the scale of the whole Briançonnais domain of the French-Italian Alps, the superimposed Senonian-Eocene disconformities would indicate extensional faulting and block tilting, associated with a regional uplift which caused emersion of part of the domain (most internal Briançonnais, Corsica). Extension and coeval uplift would record the crossing of the frontal flexure (external bulge) of the European/Briançonnais lower plate situated west of the Alpine subduction zone between 80–70 Ma and ～40 Ma, i.e. before the subduction of the Briançonnais plateau around 38–35 Ma. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

新疆塔里木盆地温宿凸起石油地质条件新认识          下载免费PDF全文

杨有星  高永进  张君峰  周新桂  张金虎  苗苗青 《中国地质调查》2019,6(4):11-16

为了弄清塔里木盆地温宿凸起构造演化、油源条件及圈闭类型等关键地质问题,通过石油地质条件综合分析,结合样品测试分析,查清了温宿地区油气成藏的关键因素,提出了石油地质条件新认识。结果表明:温宿凸起为一个继承性发育的古隆起,构造演化主要经历了4个发展阶段;温宿凸起油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;温宿凸起不发育烃源岩,但发育沟通拜城富烃凹陷的高效输导体系;温宿凸起新近系吉迪克组油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;油气的生成、运移、聚集主要发生在新近纪-第四纪,具有明显的晚期复式成藏特点;优越的盖层条件是温宿吉迪克组油气藏形成的重要因素。  相似文献   

陆地声纳法在探测岩溶区高铁隧道基底隐患中的应用     

王泽峰  钟世航 《中国岩溶》2019,38(4):573-577

沪昆高铁的麻拉寨隧道和贵广高铁的高天隧道在联调联试阶段均发生不均匀沉降和底鼓现象,为了摸清隧道基底致灾原因并对注浆质量进行检测研究,采用陆地声纳法在隧道岩溶段进行了检测,在基底下方探测出较多中、小溶洞,多组中、小断层延伸到基底下方使溶洞之间互相连通,由于雨季隧道周边水压力强烈的变化,造成了隧道不均匀沉降与底鼓,根据数据图像的特殊反应确定了破碎区域和浆注入区,依据探测结果确定治理方案并在治理施工中得到验证。   相似文献   

脂肪和蛋白质营养对封闭循环水养殖大西洋鲑生长和肌肉品质的效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

柳阳  李勇  高婷婷  孙亚琼  邦维  王顺奎  王晓晨 《海洋科学》2013,37(6):47-59

为探讨饲料脂肪和蛋白质营养对工业化养殖大西洋鲑(Salmon salar L.)生长性能和肌肉品质的影响, 采用3×2双因素试验设计(3脂肪水平: 18%、21%、24%, 即F18、F21、F24; 2蛋白质水平: 38%、48%,即P38、P48),形成6种试验处理膨化颗粒配合饲料,每处理3重复, 通过在工业化封闭循环海水养殖条件下,选用初质量(650.0±45.50)g大西洋鲑720尾,进行动物饲喂试验、肌肉脂肪酸、氨基酸测试等,试验期56d。结果表明: (1)中脂肪水平(F21)和高蛋白水平(P48)饲料的生长性能较佳。增质量率随脂肪水平提高先增加后降低,中高脂肪组比低脂肪组极显著提高43.5%(P＜0.01);高蛋白组极显著提高44.99%(P<0.01);中脂肪高蛋白组合(P48F21)效应最佳;(2)脂肪水平对肌肉氨基酸含量影响不显著。蛋白水平与肌肉9种必需、4种风味氨基酸含量呈正相关,高蛋白组显著提高3.60%～17.00%(P<0.05/0.01);(3)脂肪水平与肌肉不饱和脂肪酸含量呈正相关,而蛋白水平与其呈负相关,高脂肪(P24)和低蛋白(P38)有利于提高肌肉不饱和脂肪酸含量。高脂肪组肌肉Σω-3PUFA、ΣHUFA、DHA、EPA含量比低脂肪组分别极显著或显著提高15.74%、26.60%、15.41%、7.67%(P<0.01/0.05);低蛋白组极显著提高肌肉DHA含量11.91%(P＜0.01)、EPA 10.02%(P＜0.05);低蛋白中高脂肪组合(P38F21、P38F24)效应佳。本试验研究证明,工业化工业化封闭循环水养殖大西洋鲑对脂肪营养需求有一定程度降低,本试验条件下中高脂肪与中低蛋白组合既利于提高生长性能,又增加肌肉ω-3HUFA和主要氨基酸沉积,为工业化养殖大西洋鲑的肉质改善型配合饲料研制提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

A systematic fitting scheme for caustic-crossing microlensing events     

《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,395(2):787-796

We outline a method for fitting binary-lens caustic-crossing microlensing events based on the alternative model parametrization proposed and detailed by Cassan. As an illustration of our methodology, we present an analysis of OGLE-2007-BLG-472, a double-peaked Galactic microlensing event with a source crossing the whole caustic structure in less than three days. In order to identify all possible models we conduct an extensive search of the parameter space, followed by a refinement of the parameters with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We find a number of low-  χ²  regions in the parameter space, which lead to several distinct competitive best models. We examine the parameters for each of them, and estimate their physical properties. We find that our fitting strategy locates several minima that are difficult to find with other modelling strategies and is therefore a more appropriate method to fit this type of event.  相似文献   

Synthetic microlensing maps of the Galactic bulge     

E. Kerins  A. C. Robin  D. J. Marshall 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,396(2):1202-1210

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